MPPT Algorithm based DC Converter for Dual Voltage Automotive Systems

Abstract

Perturb and Observe (PO) is an algorithm for tracking the maximum power point (MPPT) in a photovoltaic system. Sunlight and temperature affect the performance of solar cells in a nonlinear fashion. The voltage and current have a non-linear effect on its power. A maximum power point (MPP) exists only at a single voltage and current for a given set of meteorological circumstances. The MPPT is used to monitor the MPP. A detailed description of how to model a solar panel, design a DC-DC boost converter, and design a PO MPPT is provided. Under various environmental conditions, the solar panel are simulated. It is used to control the duty cycle of a DC-DC converter so that the PV generator can operate at its maximum power point and ensure that the solar panels can operate at their optimum efficiency (MPP). Using a Perturb and Observe (P&O) approach, the algorithm under consideration was analysed. When the DC-side capacitor voltage fluctuates, this is designed to improve MPP tracking (interface between the DC-DC and the DC-AC stage). Using SIMULINK simulations under two different conditions—rapid changes in irradiance and a second order distortion in the voltage at the DC-side capacitor—we can compare the performance of MPPT techniques. When comparing the sensors, the number of sensors, their rise time and their efficiency are taken into consideration.